1. Background and Importance of SHE
Safety, Health, and Environment (SHE) is a fundamental pillar in high-risk industries such as oil & gas, petrochemical, and power generation. These sectors involve hazardous materials, high-pressure systems, and flammable processes that demand rigorous control and responsibility. SHE ensures the protection of people, assets, and the environment — contributing to long-term operational sustainability.
2. Common Causes of Incidents and Health Hazards
- Human error – lack of training, misjudgment, or fatigue.
- Mechanical failure – equipment malfunction, corrosion, or overpressure.
- Unsafe procedures – neglecting SOPs or taking risky shortcuts.
- Weak safety culture – lack of leadership engagement and accountability.
- Poor emergency preparedness – untested plans, lack of response drills.
3. Regulatory Frameworks: Local & International
Indonesia Regulations:
- UU No. 1 Tahun 1970 – Occupational Safety Act
- PP No. 50 Tahun 2012 – SMK3 (OSH Management System)
- Permen ESDM No. 38/2017 – Safety Management for Oil & Gas
International Standards:
- ISO 45001 – Occupational Health and Safety Management
- ISO 14001 – Environmental Management System
- OSHA Standards (USA)
- API RP 75 – Safety and Environmental Management Systems
- IEC 61511 – Functional Safety for Process Industry
4. Notable Industrial Accidents & Lessons Learned
Piper Alpha (1988): Offshore platform explosion due to miscommunication during shift change. Lesson: Always verify PTW and isolation systems before restarting operations.
Texas City Refinery (2005): Overfilled distillation tower caused vapor cloud explosion. Lesson: Maintain instrumentation and conduct regular safety audits.
Fukushima (2011): Nuclear plant meltdown after tsunami impact. Lesson: Plan for natural disasters and worst-case scenario modeling.
5. Key SHE Systems and Practices
- Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment (HIRA)
- Permit to Work (PTW) – hot work, confined space, electrical isolation, etc.
- Emergency Response Plan (ERP) and regular drills
- PPE Compliance – gloves, helmets, fire-resistant clothing, etc.
- Monitoring – air quality, noise, chemical exposure levels
6. Developing a Strong SHE Culture
- Management commitment must be visible and consistent
- Encourage “Stop Work Authority” for all personnel
- Reward safety compliance and hazard reporting
- Conduct safety leadership training
- Promote safety awareness campaigns
7. How Individuals Can Contribute
- Be alert and aware of hazards around your work area
- Never bypass safety systems or ignore alarms
- Report unsafe acts or near-misses
- Encourage others to follow safety procedures
- Participate actively in toolbox talks and training
8. Conclusion
Safety, Health, and Environment is a shared responsibility that goes beyond mere compliance. By applying best practices, learning from past failures, and cultivating a safety-first mindset, we can protect lives, reduce operational risks, and ensure environmental stewardship.
“No Job is so Urgent that it Cannot be Done Safely.”
📎 SHE Supporting Materials and Tools
To help readers better understand and implement SHE practices, the following resources are provided:
- ✅ General SHE Checklist
- 📋 HIRA Template
- 🛑 Permit to Work (PTW)
- 🚨 Emergency Response Plan (ERP)
- 📊 SHE Infographic
✅ General SHE Checklist
- ✔️ Site-specific risk assessment completed?
- ✔️ Permit to Work (PTW) issued and valid?
- ✔️ All personnel trained for the task?
- ✔️ Emergency evacuation route posted?
- ✔️ First Aid Kit available and accessible?
- ✔️ Fire extinguishers inspected and functional?
- ✔️ Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) worn by all workers?
- ✔️ Toolbox talk conducted before starting the job?
- ✔️ Chemicals and hazardous substances labeled and stored properly?
- ✔️ Housekeeping standards maintained at work area?
📋 HIRA Template (Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment)
| No | Activity | Hazard | Impact | Risk Level | Control Measures | Responsible |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Welding | Fire, Sparks | Burn injury, fire spread | High | PPE, Fire Blanket, Fire Watch | Supervisor |
| 2 | Crane Lifting | Load Falling | Injury, Fatality | High | Inspection, Exclusion Zone | Lifting Team |
🛑 Permit to Work (PTW) Template
| Permit Number | ______________ |
| Type of Work | Hot Work / Confined Space / Electrical / Lifting |
| Location | ______________ |
| Work Description | ______________ |
| Start Date/Time | ______________ |
| End Date/Time | ______________ |
| Issued By | ______________ |
| Accepted By (Supervisor) | ______________ |
| Precautions Taken | Fire watch, barricade, gas test, etc. |
| Authorization | Signature & Date |
🚨 Emergency Response Plan (ERP)
- Emergency Type: Fire / Explosion / Chemical Spill / Electrical Shock
- Alarm Type: Siren / Bell / Verbal Alert
- Assembly Point: North Gate Assembly Area
- Emergency Contact: Site Safety Officer – +62 812 xxx xxx
- Evacuation Route: Posted on notice boards and at every exit
- First Responder Roles: Fire team, first aiders, security
- Drill Frequency: Monthly fire drill and annual full-scale simulation
📊 SHE System Infographic
